|
800:
|
The Aghlabid rule is established in North Africa.
|
|
803:
|
Downfall of the Barmakids. Execution of Jafar Barmki.
|
|
805:
|
Campaigns against the Byzantines. Capture of the
islands of Rhodes and Cypress.
|
|
809:
|
Death of Harun ur Rashid. Accession of Amin.
|
|
814:
|
Civil war between Amin and Mamun. Amin killed and
Mamun becomes the Caliph.
|
|
815:
|
Shia revolt under Ibn Tuba Tabs.
|
|
816:
|
Shia revolt in Makkah; Harsama quells the revolt. In
Spain the Umayyads capture the island of Corsica.
|
|
817:
|
Harsama killed.
|
|
818:
|
The Umayyads of Spain capture the islands of Izira,
Majorica, and Sardinia.
|
|
819:
|
Mamun comes to Baghdad.
|
|
820:
|
Tahir establishes the rule of the Tahirids in
Khurasan.
|
|
822:
|
Death of Al Hakam in Spain; accession of Abdul
Rahman. II.
|
|
823:
|
Death of Tahir in Khurasan. Accession of Talha and
his deposition. Accession of Abdullah b Tahir.
|
|
827:
|
Mamun declares the Mutazila creed as the state
religion.
|
|
833:
|
Death of Mamun. Accession of Mutasim.
|
|
836:
|
Mutasim shifts the capital to Samarra.
|
|
837:
|
Revolt of the Jats.
|
|
838:
|
Revolt of Babek in Azarbaijan suppressed.
|
|
839:
|
Revolt of Maziar in Tabaristan. The Muslims occupy
South Italy. Capture of the city of Messina in Sicily.
|
|
842:
|
Death of Mutasim, accession of Wasiq.
|
|
843:
|
Revolts of the Arabs.
|
|
847:
|
Death of Wasiq, accession of Mutawakkil.
|
|
850:
|
Mutawakkil restores orthodoxy.
|
|
849:
|
Death of the Tahirid ruler Abdullah b Tahir;
accession of Tahir II.
|
|
852:
|
Death of Abdur Rahman II of Spain;. accession of
Muhammad I.
|
|
856:
|
Umar b Abdul Aziz founds the Habbarid rule in Sind.
|
|
858:
|
Mutawakkil founds the town of Jafariya.
|
|
860:
|
Ahmad founds the Samanid rule in Transoxiana.
|
|
861:
|
Murder of the Abbasid Caliph Mutawakkil; accession of
Muntasir.
|
|
862:
|
Muntasir poisoned to death; accession of Mutasin.
|
|
864:
|
Zaidi state established in Tabaristan by Hasan b Zaid.
|
|
866:
|
Mutasim flies from Samarra, his depostion and
accession of Mutaaz.
|
|
867:
|
Yaqub b Layth founds the Saffarid rule in Sistan.
|
|
868:
|
Ahmad b Tulun founds the Tulunid rule in Egypt.
|
|
869:
|
The Abbasid Caliph Mutaaz forced to abdicate, his
death and accession of Muhtadi.
|
|
870:
|
Turks revolt against Muhtadi, his death and accession
of Mutamid.
|
|
873:
|
Tahirid rule extinguished.
|
|
874:
|
Zanj revolt in South Iraq. Death of the Samanid ruler
Ahmad, accession of Nasr.
|
|
877:
|
Death of Yaqubb Layth in Sistan, accession of Amr b
Layth.
|
|
885:
|
Death of Ahmad b Tulun in Egypt, accession of Khamar-
wiyiah.
|
|
866:
|
Death of Muhammad I the Umayyad ruler of Spain,
accession of Munzir. Death of Abdullah b Umar the Habbari ruler of Sind.
|
|
888:
|
Death of Munzir the Umayyad ruler of Spain, accession
of Abbullah.
|
|
891:
|
The Qarmatian state established at Bahrain.
|
|
892:
|
Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr, accession of Ismail.
|
|
894:
|
The Rustamids become the vassals of Spain.
|
|
896:
|
Death of the Tulunid ruler Khamarwiyiah; accession of
Abul Asakir Jaish.
|
|
897:
|
Assassination of Abul Asakir Jaish; accession of Abu
Musa Harun.
|
|
898:
|
Qarmatians sack Basra.
|
|
902:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muktafi; death of the
Saffarid ruler Amr.
|
|
903:
|
Assassination of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Said;
accession of Abu Tahir.
|
|
905:
|
Abdullah b Hamdan founds the Hamdanid rule in Mosul
and Jazira. End of the Tulunid rule in Egypt.
|
|
907:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muktafi; accession of
Muqtadir.
|
|
908:
|
End of the Saffarid rule, annexation of their
territories by the Samanids.
|
|
909:
|
Ubaidullah overthrows the Aghlablds and founds the
Fatimid rule in North Africa.
|
|
912:
|
Death of the Umayyad Amir Abdullah in Spain,
accession of Abdur Rahman III.
|
|
913:
|
Assassination of the Samanid ruler Ahmad II,
accession of Nasr II.
|
|
928:
|
Mardawij b Ziyar founds the Ziyarid rule in
Tabaristan.
|
|
929:
|
Qarmatians sack Makkah and carry away the Black Stone
from the Holy Kaaba. In Spain, Abdur Rahman III declares himself as the
Caliph.
|
|
931:
|
Deposition and restoration of the Abbasid Caliph
Muqtadir. Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Tahir; accession of Abu Mansur.
|
|
932:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muqtadir; accession of Al
Qahir.
|
|
934:
|
Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph Al Qahir; accession
of Ar Radi. Death of the Fatimid Caliph Ubaidullah ; accession of Al Qaim.
|
|
935:
|
Assassination of the Ziyarid ruler Mardawij;
accession of Washimgir. Death of Hamdanid ruler Abdullah b Hamdan
accession of Nasir ud Daula.
|
|
936:
|
By coup Ibn Raiq becomes the Amir ul Umara.
|
|
938:
|
By another coup power at Baghdad is captured by
Bajkam.
|
|
940:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Ar Radi, accession of
Muttaqi.
|
|
941:
|
Assassination of Bajkam, capture of power by Kurtakin.
|
|
942:
|
Ibn Raiq recaptures power.
|
|
943:
|
Al Baeidi captures power. The Abbasid Caliph Muttaqi
is forced to seek refuge with the Hamdanids. Sail ud Daula captures power
at Baghdad and the Caliph returns to' Baghdad. Power is captured by Tuzun
and Sail ud Daula retires' to Mosul. Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr II,
accession of Nuh.
|
|
944:
|
Muttaqi is blinded and deposed, accession of
Mustakafi.
|
|
945:
|
Death of Tuzun. Shirzad becomes Amir ul Umra. The
Buwayhids capture power. Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph Mustakafi.
|
|
946:
|
Death of the Fatimid Caliph A1 Qaim. accession of
Mansur. Death of the Ikhshid ruler Muhammad b Tughj, accession of Abul'
Qasim Ungur.
|
|
951:
|
The Qarnaatiana restore the Black Stone to the Holy
Kaaba.
|
|
954:
|
Death of the Sasanid ruler Nuh, accession of Abdul
Malik.
|
|
961:
|
Death of the Samanid ruler Abdul Malik, accession of
Manauf. Alptgin founds the rule of the Ghazanavids. Death of the Umayyad
Caliph Abdul Rahman III in Spain; accession of Hakam. Death of the Ikhshid
ruler Ungur accession of Abul Hasan Ali.
|
|
965:
|
Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Mansur; accession of
Hasan Azam. Assassination of the Ikhshid ruler Abul Hasan Ali; power
captured by Malik Kafur.
|
|
967:
|
Death of the Buwayhid Sultan Muiz ud Daula, accession
of Bakhtiar. Death of the Hamdanid ruler Sail ud Daula.
|
|
968:
|
Byzantines occupy Aleppo. Death of the Ikhshid ruler
Malik Kafur; accession of Abul Fawaris.
|
|
969:
|
The Fatimids conquer Egypt.
|
|
972:
|
Buluggin b Ziri founds the rule of the Zirids
Algeria.
|
|
973:
|
Shia Sunni disturbances in Baghdad; power captured in
Baghdad by the Turkish General Subuktgin.
|
|
974:
|
Abdication of the Abbasid Caliph Al Muttih; accession
of At Taii.
|
|
975:
|
Death of the Turk General Subuktgin. Death of the
Fatimid Caliph Al Muizz.
|
|
976:
|
The Buwayhid Sultan Izz ud Daula recaptures power
with the help of his cousin Azud ud Daula. Death of the Samanid ruler
Mansur, accession of Nuh II. In Spain death of the Umayyad Caliph Hakam,
accession of Hisham II.
|
|
978:
|
Death of the Buwayhid Sultan Izz ud Daula, power
captured by Azud ud Daula. The Hamdanids overthrown by the Buwayhids.
|
|
979:
|
Subkutgin becomes the Amir of Ghazni.
|
|
981:
|
End of the Qarmatian rule at Bahrain.
|
|
982:
|
Death of the- Buwayhid Sultan Azud ud Daula;
accession of Samsara ud Daula.
|
|
984:
|
Death of the Zirid ruler Buluggin, accession of
Mansur.
|
|
986:
|
The Buwyhid Sultan Samsara ud Daula overthrown by
Sharaf ud Daula.
|
|
989:
|
Death of the Buwayhid Sultan Sharaf ud Daula,
accession of Baha ud Daula.
|
|
991:
|
Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph At Taii, accession
of Al Qadir.
|
|
996:
|
Death of the Zirid ruler Mansur, accession of Nasir
ud Daula Badis.
|
|
997:
|
Death of the Samanid ruler Nuh II, accession of
Mansur II.
|
|
998:
|
Death of the Samanid ruler Mansur II, accession of
Abdul Malik II. Mahmud becomes the Amir of Ghazni.
|
|
999:
|
End of the Samanids.
|
|
1001:
|
Mahmud Ghazanavi defeats the Hindu Shahis.
|
|
1004:
|
Mahmud captures Bhatiya.
|
|
1005:
|
Mahmud captures Multan and Ghur.
|
|
1008:
|
Mahmud defeats the Rajput confederacy.
|
|
1010:
|
Abdication of Hisham II in Spain. accession of
Muhammad.
|
|
1011:
|
In Spain Muhammad is overthrown by Sulaiman.
|
|
1012:
|
In Spain power is captured by Bani Hamud. Death of
the Buwayhid Baha ud Daula, accession of Sultan ud Daula.
|
|
1016:
|
Death of the Zirrid ruler Nasir ud Daula Badis;
accession of Al Muizz.
|
|
1018:
|
In Spain power is captured by Abdul Rahman IV.
|
|
1019:
|
Conquest of the Punjab by Mahmud Ghazanavi.
|
|
1020:
|
The Buwayhid Sultan ud Daula is Overthrown by
Musharaf ud Daula, Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Hakim, accession of Al
Zahir.
|
|
1024:
|
In Spain assassination of Abdul Rahman IV, accession
of Mustafi.
|
|
1025:
|
Death of the Buwayhid Mushgraf ud Daula, accession of
Jalal ud Daula.
|
|
1029:
|
In Spain death of Mustaft, accession of Hisham III.
|
|
1030:
|
Death of Mahmud Ghazanavi.
|
|
1031:
|
In Spain deposition of Hisharn III, and end of the
Umayyad rule. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Qadir, accession of Al Qaim.
|
|
1036:
|
Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Zahir, accession of
Mustansir. Tughril Beg is crowned as the king of the Seljuks.
|
|
1040:
|
Battle of Dandanqan, the Seljuks defeat the
Ghazanavids. Deposition of Masud the Ghazanavid Sultan, accession of
Muhammad. Al Moravids come to power in North Africa.
|
|
1041:
|
The Ghazanavid Sultan Muhammad is overthrown by
Maudud.
|
|
1044:
|
Death of the Buwayhid Jalal ud Daula, accession of
Abu Kalijar.
|
|
1046:
|
Basasiri captures power in Baghdad.
|
|
1047:
|
The Zirids in North Africa repudiate allegiance to
the Fatimid and transfer allegiance to-the Abbasids.
|
|
1048:
|
Death of the Buwayhid Abu Kalijar, accession of Malik
ur Rahim.
|
|
1050:
|
Yusuf b Tashfin comes to power .in the Maghrib.
|
|
1055:
|
Tughril Beg overthrows the Buwayhids.
|
|
1057:
|
Basasiri recaptures power in Baghdad, deposes Al Qaim
and offers allegiance to the Fatimid Caliph.
|
|
1059:
|
Tughril Beg recaptures power in Baghdad, al Qaim is
restored as the Caliph.
|
|
1060:
|
Ibrahim becomes the Sultan of Ghazni. Yusuf b Tashfin
founds the city of Marrakesh. The Zirids abandon their capital Ashir and
establish their capital at Bougie.
|
|
1062:
|
Death of the Zirid ruler Al Muizz, accession of Tamin.
|
|
1063:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Tughril Beg; accession of
Alp Arsalan.
|
|
1071:
|
Battle of Manzikert, the Byzantine emperor taken
captive by the Seljuks.
|
|
1073:
|
Death of Alp Arsalan, accession of Malik Shah.
|
|
1077:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Qaim, accession of Al
Muqtadi.
|
|
1082:
|
The A1 Moravids conquer Algeria.
|
|
1086:
|
Battle of Zallakha. The Al Moravids defeat the
Christians in Spain. Death of the Rum Sejuk Sultan Sulaiman, accession of
Kilij Arsalan.
|
|
1091:
|
The Normans conquer the island of Sicily; end of the
Muslim rule.
|
|
1092:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah, accession of
Mahmud.
|
|
1094:
|
Death of Mahmud; accession of Barkiaruk. Death of the
Abbasid Caliph Al Muqtadi, accession of Mustahzir.
|
|
1095:
|
The first crusade.
|
|
1099:
|
The crusaders capture Jerusalem.
|
|
1101:
|
Death or the Fatimid Caliph Al Mustaali, accession of
Al Aamir.
|
|
1105:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Barkiaruk, accession Of
Muhammad.
|
|
1106:
|
Death of the Al Motavid Yusuf b Tashfin.
|
|
1107:
|
Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Kilij Arsalan,
succession of Malik Shah.
|
|
1108:
|
Death of the Zirid ruler Tamin, accession of Yahya.
|
|
1116:
|
Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah. accession
of Rukn ud Din Masud.
|
|
1118:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Muhammad; accession of
Mahmud II. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustahzir, accession of Mustarshid.
In Spain the Christians capture Saragossa.
|
|
1121:
|
Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Aamir, accession of Al
Hafiz.
|
|
1127:
|
Imad ud Din Zangi establishes the Zangi rule In Mosul.
|
|
1128:
|
Death of the Khawarzam Shah Qutb ud Din Muhammad;
accession of Atsiz.
|
|
1130:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Mahmud II; accession of
Tughril Beg II.
|
|
1134:
|
Assassination of the Abbasid Caliph Mustarshid;
accession of Al Rashid. Death of the Seljuk Sultan Tughril Beg II,
accession of Masud.
|
|
1135:
|
Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph Al Rashid, accession
of Al Muktafi.
|
|
1144:
|
Imad ud Din Zangi captures Edessa from the
Christians, second crusade.
|
|
1146:
|
Death of Imad ud Din Zangi, accession of Nur ud Din
Zangi.
|
|
1147:
|
In the Maghrib Al Moravids overthrown by the Al
Mohads under Abul Mumin.
|
|
1148:
|
End of the Zirid rule' in North Africa.
|
|
1149:
|
Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Hafiz, accession of Al
Zafar.
|
|
1152:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Masud, accession of Malik
Shah II. Hamadid rule extinguished in North Africa.
|
|
1153:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah I1, accession
of Muhammad II.
|
|
1154:
|
Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Zafar, accession of Al
Faiz.
|
|
1156:
|
Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Rukn ud Din Masid,
accession of Arsalan II.
|
|
1159:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Muhammad II, accession of
Gulaiman.
|
|
1160:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Mukta, accession of Al
Mustanjid. Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Faiz, accession of Al Azzid.
|
|
1161:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sulaiman, accession of Arsalan
Shah.
|
|
1163:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abul Mumin, accession of
Abu Yaqub Yusuf.
|
|
1170:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustanjid, accession of
Al Mustazii.
|
|
1171:
|
Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Azzid. End of the
Fatimids. Salah ud Din founds the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt.
|
|
1172:
|
Death of the Khawarzam Shah Arsalan, accession of
Sultan Shah.
|
|
1173:
|
The Khawarzam Shah Sultan Shah is overthrown by
Tukush Shah.
|
|
1174:
|
Salah ud Din annexes Syria.
|
|
1175:
|
The Ghurids defeat the Guzz Turks and occupy Ghazni.
|
|
1176:
|
Death of the Seljuk Sultan Arsalan Shah, accession of
Tughril Beg III.
|
|
1179:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Mustazaii, accession
of Al Nasir. Shahab ud Din Ghuri captures Peshawar.
|
|
1185:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abu Yaqub Yusuf,
accession of Abu Yusuf Yaqub.
|
|
1186:
|
The Ghurids overthrow the Ghaznvaids in the Punjab.
|
|
1187:
|
Salah ud Din wrests Jerusalem from the Christians,
third crusade.
|
|
1191:
|
Battle of Tarain between the Rajputs and the Ghurids.
|
|
1193:
|
Death of Salah ud Din; accession of Al Aziz. Second
battleof Tarain.
|
|
1194:
|
Occupation of Delhi by the Muslims. End of the Seljuk
rule.
|
|
1199:
|
Death of the Khawarzam Shah Tukush Shah; accession of
Ala ud Din. Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abu Yusuf Yaqub; accession of
Muhammad Nasir. Conquest of Northern India and Bengal by the Ghurids.
|
|
1202:
|
Death of the Ghurid Sultan Ghias ud Din; accession of
Mahmud.
|
|
1204:
|
Shahab ud Din Ghuri defeated by the Ghuzz Turks.
|
|
1206:
|
Death of Shahab ud Din Ghuri. Qutb ud Din Aibik
crowned king in Lahore.
|
|
1210:
|
Assassination of the Ghurid Sultan MahmUd, accession
of Sam. Death of Qutb ud Din Aibak, accession of Aram Shah in India.
|
|
1211:
|
End of the Ghurid rule, their territories annexed by
the Khawarzam Shahs. In India Aram Shah overthrown by Iltutmish.
|
|
1212:
|
Battle of Al Uqab in Spain, end of the Al Mohad rule
in Spain. The Al Mohads suffer defeat by the Christians in Spain at the
Al-Uqba. The Al Mohad Sultan An Nasir escapes to Morocco where he dies
soon after. Accession of his son Yusuf who takes over title of Al
Mustansir.
|
|
1214:
|
In North Africa death of the Al Mohad ruler Al Nasir,
accession of Al Mustansir. The Banu Marin under their leader Abdul Haq
occupy the north eastern part of Morocco.
|
|
1216:
|
The Banu Marin under their leader Abdul Haq occupy
north eastern part of Morocco. The Al Mohads suffer defeat by the Marinids
at the battle of Nakur. The Banu Marin defeat the Al Mobads at the battle
of Nakur.
|
|
1217:
|
The Marinids suffer defeat in the battle fought on
the banks of the Sibu river. Abdul Haq is killed and the Marinids evacuate
Morocco. In the battle of Sibu the Marinids suffer defeat; their leader
Abdul Haq is killed and they evacuate Morocco.
|
|
1218:
|
Death of the Ayyubid ruler Al Adil, accession of Al
Kamil. The Marinids return to Morocco under their leader Othman and occupy
Fez.
|
|
1220:
|
Death of the Khawarzam Shah Ala ud Din, accession of
Jalal ud Din Mangbarni.
|
|
1222:
|
Death of the Zangi ruler Nasir ud Din Mahmud, power
captured by Badr ud Din Lulu.
|
|
1223:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Muntasir, accession of
Abdul Wahid. Death of Yusuf Al Mustansir, accession of Abdul Wahid in
Morocco.. In Spain a brother of Yusuf declares his independence and
assumes the title of Al Adil. In Spain Abu Muhammad overthrows Al Adil. Al
Adil escapes to Morocco and overthrows Abdul Wahid.
|
|
1224:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abdul Wahid, accession of
Abdullah Adil.
|
|
1225:
|
Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Nasir, accession of Al
Mustansir.
|
|
1227:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abdullah Adil, accession
of Mustasim. Assassination of Al Adil, accession of his son Yahya who
assumes the throne under the name of Al Mustasim.
|
|
1229:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Mustasim, accession of
Idris. The Ayyubid Al Kamil restores Jerusalem to the Christians. Abu
Muhammad dies in Spain and is succeeded by Al Mamun. Al Mamun invades
Morocco with Christian help. Yahya is defeated and power is captured by Al
Mamun. He denies the Mahdiship of Ibn Tumarat.
|
|
1230:
|
End of the Khawarzam Shah rule.
|
|
1232:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Idris, accession, of
Abdul Wahid II. Assassination of Al Mamun; accession of his son Ar-Rashid.
|
|
1234:
|
Death of the Ayyubid ruler Al Kamil, accession of Al
Adil.
|
|
1236:
|
Death of Delhi Sultan Iltutmish. Accession of Rukn ud
Din Feroz Shah.
|
|
1237:
|
Accession of Razia Sultana as Delhi Sultan.
|
|
1240:
|
Death of Ar-Rashid; accession of his son Abu Said.
|
|
1241:
|
Death of Razia Sultana, accession of Bahram Shah.
|
|
1242:
|
Death of Bahram Shah, accession of Ala ud Din Masud
Shah as Delhi Sultan. Death of the Al Mohad rules Abdul Wahid, accession
of Abu Hasan. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustansir, accession of Mustasim.
|
|
1243:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abdul Walid II, accession
of
|
|
1244:
|
The Al Mohads defeat the Marinids at the battle of
Abu Bayash. The Marinids evacuate Morocco.
|
|
1245:
|
The Muslims reconquer Jerusalem.
|
|
1246:
|
Death of the Delhi Sultan Ala ud Din Masud Shah,
accession of Nasir ud Din Mahmud Shah.
|
|
1248:
|
Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abul Hasan, accession of
Omar Murtaza. Abu Said attacks Tlemsen, but is ambushed and killed;
accession of his son Murtada.
|
|
1250:
|
The Marinids return to Morocco, and occupy a greatar
part thereof.
|
|
1258:
|
The Mongols sack Baghdad. Death of the Abbasid Caliph
Mustasim. End of the Abbasid rule. Fall of Baghdad, end of the Abbasid
caliphate. The Mongol II-Khans under Halaku establish their rule in Iran
and Iraq with the capital at Maragah. Berek Khan the Muslim chief of the
Golden Horde protests against the treatment meted out to the Abbasid
Caliph and withdraw his Contingent from Baghdad.
|
|
1259:
|
Abu Abdullah the Hafsid ruler declares himself as the
Caliph and assumes the name of Al Mustamir.
|
|
1260:
|
Battle of Ayn Jalut in Syria. The Mongols are
defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt, and the spell of the invincibility of
the Mongols is broken. Baybars becomes the Mamluk Sultan.
|
|
1262:
|
Death of Bahauddin Zikriya in Multan who is credited
with the introduction of the Suhrawardi Sufi order in the IndoPakistan
sub-continent.
|
|
1265:
|
Death of Halaku. Death of Fariduddin Ganj Shakkar the
Chishti saint of the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent.
|
|
1266:
|
Death of Berek Khan the first ruler of the Golden
Horde to be converted to Islam. The eighth crusade. The crusaders invade
Tunisia. Failure of the crusade.
|
|
1267:
|
Malik ul Salih establishes the first Muslim state of
Samudra Pasai in Indonesia. Murtada seeks the help of the Christians, and
the Spaniards invade Morocco. The Marinids drive away the Spaniards from
Morocco. Assassination of Murtada; accession of Abu Dabbas.
|
|
1269:
|
Abu Dabbas is overthrown by the Marinida, End of the
Al Mohads. End of the rule of the Al Mohads in Morocco, the Marinids come
to power in Morocco under Abu Yaqub.
|
|
1270:
|
Death of Mansa Wali the founder of the Muslim rule in
M ali.
|
|
1272:
|
Death of Muhammad I the founder of the state of
Granada. Yaghmurason invades Morocco but meets a reverse at the battle
|
|
1273:
|
Death of Jalaluddin Rumi.
|
|
1274:
|
Death of Nasiruddin Tusi. The Marinids wrest
Sijilmasa from the Zayenids. Ninth crusade under Edward I of England. The
crusade ends in fiasco and Edward returns to England.
|
|
1277:
|
Death of Baybars.
|
|
1280:
|
Battle of Hims.
|
|
1283:
|
Death of Yaghmurasan. Accession of his son Othman.
|
|
1285:
|
Tunisis splits in Tunis and Bougie.
|
|
1286:
|
Death of Ghiasuddin Balban. Death of Abu Yusuf Yaqub.
Bughra Khan declares his independence in Bengal under the name of
Nasiruddin.
|
|
1290:
|
End of the slave dynasty Jalaluddin Khilji comes into
power. Othman embarks on a career of conquest and by 1290 C.E. most of the
Central Maghreb is conquered by the Zayanids.
|
|
1291:
|
Saadi.
|
|
1296:
|
Alauddin Ghazan converted to Islam.
|
|
1299:
|
Mongols invade Syria. The Marinids besiege Tlemsen
the capital of the Zayanids.
|
|
1301:
|
In Bengal, Death of Ruknuddin the king of Bengal,
succeeded by brother Shamsuddin Firuz.
|
|
1302:
|
In Granada, Death of Muhammad II; succession of
Muhammad III.
|
|
1304:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Death of Ghazan,
succession of his brother Khudabanda Ul Jaytu. In Algeria, Death of Othman,
succession of his son Abu Zayan Muhammad.
|
|
1305:
|
In the Khiljis empire, Alauddin Khilji conquers
Rajputana.
|
|
1306:
|
In the Chughills empire, Death of Dava, succession of
his son Kunjuk.
|
|
1307:
|
In the Marinids empire, Assassination of the Marinid
Sultan Abu Yaqub Yusuf; accession of Abu Thabit
|
|
1308:
|
In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Kunjuk, power
captured by Taliku. In Algeria, Death of Abu Zayan Muhammad, succession of
his brother Abu Hamuw Musa. In the Marinids empire, Abu Thabit overthrown
by Abu Rabeah Sulaiman.
|
|
1309:
|
In the Chughills empire, Assassination of Taliku,
accession of Kubak. In Granada, Muhammad III overthrown by his uncle Abul
Juyush Nasr.
|
|
1310:
|
In the Chughills empire, Kubak overthrown by his
brother Isan Buga. In the Marinids empire, Abu Rabeah Sulaiman overthrown
by Abu Said Othman. In the Khiljis empire, Alauddin conquers Deccan.
|
|
1312:
|
In Tunisia, In Tunis Abul Baqa is overthrown by Al
Lihiani.
|
|
1313:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Invasion of Syria,
the Mongols repulsed. In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Toktu,
accession of his nephew Uzbeg.
|
|
1314:
|
In Kashmir, Rainchan an adventurer from Baltistan
overthrows Sinha Deva the Raja of Kashmir. Rainchan is converted to Islam
and adopts the name of Sadrud Din. In Granada, Abul Juyush overthrown by
his nephew Abul Wahid Ismail.
|
|
1315:
|
In Tunisia, War between Bougie and Tunis, Lihani
defeated and killed. Abu Bakr becomes the ruler of Bougie and Tunis.
|
|
1316:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Death of Khudabanda
Ul Jaytu, succession of Abu Said. In the Khiljis empire, Death of Alauddin,
accession of Shahabuddin Umar, usurpation of power by Malik Kafur, a Hindu
convert.
|
|
1318:
|
In the Khiljis empire, Assassination of Malik Kafur,
deposition of Shahabuddin Umar, accession of Qutbuddin Mubarak. In the
Chughills empire, Isan Buga overthrown by Kubak.
|
|
1320:
|
In the Khiljis empire, Assassination of Qutbuddin
Mubarak, usurpation of power by Khusro Khan a Hindu convert. Khusro Khan
overthrown by Ghazi Malik. End of the rule of Khiljis. In Tunisia, Abu
Bakr expelled from Tunis by Abu Imran. In the Tughluqs empire, Ghazi Malik
founds the rule of the Tughluq dynasty.
|
|
1321:
|
In the Chughills empire, Death of Kubak, succession
of Hebbishsi who is overthrown by Dava Temur.
|
|
1322:
|
In the Chughills empire, Dava Temur overthrown by
Tarmashirin, who is converted to Islam. In Bengal, Death of Shamsuddin
Firuz. The kingdom divided into two parts. Ghiasuddin Bahadur became the
ruler of East Bengal with the capital at Sonargaon, Shahabuddin became the
ruler of West Bengal with the capital at Lakhnauti.
|
|
1324:
|
In Bengal, Shahabuddin dies and is succeeded by his
brother Nasiruddin.
|
|
1325:
|
In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Ghazi Malik (Ghiasuddin
Tughluq); accession of his son Muhammad Tughluq. In Granada, Assassination
of Abul Wahid Ismail, succession of his son Muhammad IV. Assassination of
Muhammad IV. Accession of his brother Abul Hallaj Yusuf. In the Samudra
Pasai empire, Death of Malik al Tahir I, accession of Malik al Tahir II.
In Bengal, With the help of Ghiasuddin Tughluq, Nasiruddin over-throws.
Ghiasuddin Bahadur and himself become's the ruler of United Bengal.
|
|
1326:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Othman,
succession of Orkhan. Orkhan conquers Bursa and makes it his capital.
|
|
1327:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks capture the
city of Nicaea.
|
|
1329:
|
In the Tughluqs empire, Muhammad Tughluq shifts the
capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in Deccan.
|
|
1330:
|
In the Chughills empire, Death of Tramashirin,
succession of Changshahi. Amir Hussain establishes the rule of the Jalayar
dynasty at Baghdad. In Tunisia, Abu Bakr overthrows Abu Imran and the
state is again united, under him. In Bengal, Muhammad b Tughluq reverses
the policy of his father and restores Ghiasuddin Bahadur to the throne of
Sonargeon.
|
|
1331:
|
In the Marinids empire, Death of Abu Said Othman,
sucession of Abul Hasan. In Bengal, Annexation of Bengal by the Tughluqs.
|
|
1335:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Death of Abu Said,
power captured by Arpa Koun. In the Chughills empire, Assassination of
Changshahi, accession of Burun.
|
|
1336:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Arpa defeated and
killed, succeeded by Musa. Birth of Amir Temur. In the Jalayar empire,
Death of Amir Hussain, succession of Hasan Buzurg. In the Ottoman Turks
empire, The Turks annex the state of Karasi. In Bengal, The Tughluq
Governor at Sonargeon assassinated by armour bearer who captured power and
declared his independence assuming the name of Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah.
|
|
1337:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, The rule of Musa
overthrown, Muhammad becomes the Sultan. In the Sarbadaran empire, On the
disintegration of the II-Khan rule, Abdur Razaq a military adventurer
establishes an independent principality in Khurasan with the capital at
Sabzwar. In the Muzaffarids empire, On the disintegration of the II Khan
rule Mubarazud Din Muhammad established the rule of the Muzaffarid
dynasty. In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks capture the city of
Nicomedia. In Algeria, Algeria is occupied by Marinids.
|
|
1338:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Muhammad overthrown,
succession of Sati Beg. Sati Beg marries Sulaiman who becomes the
co-ruler.
|
|
1339:
|
In Kashmir, Death of Sadrud Din, throne captured by a
Hindu Udyana Deva. In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Burun, accession
of Isun Temur. In Bengal, The Tughluq Governor at Lakhnauti-Qadr Khan
assassinated and power is captured by the army commander-in-chief who
declares his independence and assumes the title of Alauddin Ali Shah.
|
|
1340:
|
In the Muzaffarids empire, The Muzaffarids conquer
Kirman. In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Isun Temur, accession of
Muhammad.
|
|
1341:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Uzbeg,
succession of his son Tini Beg.
|
|
1342:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Tini Beg overthrown by
his brother Jani Beg.
|
|
1343:
|
In the Chughills empire, Muhammad overthrown, power
captured by Kazan. In Bengal, Ilyas an officer of Alauddin murders his
patron and captures the throne of West Bengal.
|
|
1344:
|
In the Mongols II Khans empire, Deposition of
Sulaiman, succession of Anusherwan.
|
|
1345:
|
In the Samudra Pasai empire, Death of Malik al Tahir
II, accession of Tahir III. His rule lasted throughout the fourteenth
century. In Bengal, llyas captures East Bengal and under him Bengal is
again united. He establishes his capital at Gaur.
|
|
1346:
|
In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Kazan,
accession of Hayan Kuli. In Tunisia, Death of Abu Bakr, succession of his
son Fadal. In Kashmir, Death of Udyana Deva, throne captured by Shah Mirza
who assumed the name of Shah Mir, and rounded the rule of Shah Mir
dynasty.
|
|
1347:
|
The Marinids capture Tunisia. In the Bahmanids
empire, Hasan Gangu declares his independence and establishes a state in
Deccan with the capital at Gulbarga.
|
|
1349:
|
In Kashmir, Death of Shah Mir, accession of his son
Jamsbed. In Algeria, The Zayanids under Abu Said Othman recapture Algeria.
|
|
1350:
|
In the Sarbadaran empire, Revolt against Abdur Razaq.
Power captured by Amir Masud. In Tunisia, Deposition of Fadal, succession
of his brother Abu Ishaq. In Kashmir, Jamshed overthrown by his step
brother Alauddin Ali Sher.
|
|
1351:
|
In the Marinids empire, Death of Abul Hasan,
succession of Abu Inan. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Muhammad Tughluq
accession of Firuz Shah Tughluq.
|
|
1352:
|
In Algeria, The Marinids again capture Algeria. Abu
Said Othman is taken captive and killed.
|
|
1353:
|
End of the Mongol II Khan rule. In the Ottoman Turks
empire, The Turks acquire the fortress of Tympa on the European side of
the Hollespoint. In the Muzaffarids empire, The Muzaffarids conquer Shiraz
and establish their capital there.
|
|
1354:
|
In the Muzaffarids empire, The Muzaffarids annex
Isfahan. In Granada, Assassination of Abu Hallaj Yusuf, succession of his
son Muhammad V.
|
|
1356:
|
In the Jalayar empire, Death of Hasan Buzurg,
succession of his son Owaia.
|
|
1357:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Jani Beg,
succession of Kulpa.
|
|
1358:
|
In the Bahmanids empire, Death of Hasan Gangu,
accession of his son Muhammad Shah. In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of
Mubarazuddin Muhammad; accession of Shah Shuja. In the Marinids empire,
Assassination of Abu Inan, succession of Abu Bakr Said. In Bengal, Death
of Ilyas, succession of his son Sikandar Shah.
|
|
1359:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Orkhan,
succession of Murad. In the Muzaffarids empire, Shah Shuja deposed by his
brother Shah Mahmud. In Tunisia, Abul Abbas a nephew of Abu Ishaq revolts
and establishes his rule in Bougie. In Algeria, The Zayanids under Abu
Hamuw II recapture Algeria. In the Marinids empire, Abu Bakr Said
overthrown by Abu Salim Ibrahim. In Granada, Muhammad V loses the throne
in palace revolution, succeeded by Ismail.
|
|
1360:
|
In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of Shah Mahmud. Shah
Shuja recaptures power. In the Chughills empire, Power captured by Tughluq
Temur. In Granada, Ismail overthrown by his brother-in-law Abu Said.
|
|
1361:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Murad conquers a part of
Thrace and establishes his capital at Demolika in Thrace. In the Golden
Horde empire, Kulpa overthrown by his brother Nauroz. In the Marinids
empire, Abu Salim Ibrahim overthrown by Abu Umar. Abu Umar overthrown by
Abu Zayyan.
|
|
1362:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, State of anarchy. During
20 years as many as 14 rulers came to the throne and made their exit. In
Granada, Abu Said overthrown by Muhammad V who comes to rule for the
second time. In Kashmir, Death of Alauddin Ali Sher, succeeded by his
brother Shahabuddin.
|
|
1365:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks defeat the
Christians at the battle of Matiza, the Byzantine ruler becomes a vassal
of the Turks.
|
|
1366:
|
In the Marinids empire, Assassination of Abu Zayyan,
succession of Abu Faris Abdul Aziz.
|
|
1369:
|
Power captured by Amir Temur. End of the rule of the
Chughills. Amir Temur captures power in Transoxiana. In Tunisia, Death of
Abu Ishaq. Succession of his son Abu Baqa Khalid.
|
|
1370:
|
In Tunisia, Abu Baqa overthrown by Abul Abbas under
whom the state is reunited. In the Sarbadaran empire, Death of Amir Masud,
succession of Muhammad Temur.
|
|
1371:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Invasion of Bulgaria,
Bulgarian territory upto the Balkans annexed by the Turks.
|
|
1372:
|
In the Marinids empire, Death of Abu Faris,
succession of Abu Muhammad.
|
|
1374:
|
In the Marinids empire, Abu Muhammad overthrown by
Abul Abbas.
|
|
1375:
|
In the Sarbadaran empire, Deposition of Muhammad
Temur, power captured by Shamsuddin. In the Jalayar empire, Death of Owais,
succession by his son Hussain.
|
|
1376:
|
In Kashmir, Death of Shahabuddin, succeeded by his
brother Qutbuddin.
|
|
1377:
|
In the Bahmanids empire, Death of Muhammad Shah,
succeeded by his son Mujahid.
|
|
1378:
|
In the Bahmanids empire, Mujahid assassinated, throne
captured by his uncle Daud.
|
|
1379:
|
Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Bairam Khawaja
found the independent principality of the Turkomans of the Black Sheep and
established his capital at Van in Armenia. In the Bahmanids empire,
Assassination of Daud; accession of Muhammad Khan.
|
|
1380:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Power is captured by
Toktamish, a prince of the White Horde of Siberia. In Amir Temur's empire,
Amir Temur crosses the Oxus and conquers Khurasan and Herat. Amir Temur
invades Persia and subjugates the Muzaffarids and Mazandaran.
|
|
1381:
|
In Amir Temur's empire, Annexation of Seestan,
capture of Qandhar.
|
|
1384:
|
In Amir Temur's empire, Conquest of Astrabad,
Mazandaran, Rayy and Sultaniyah. In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of Shah
Shuja, accession of his son Zainul Abdin. In the Marinids empire, Abul
Abbas overthrown by Mustansir. Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death
of Bairam Khawaja, succession of Qara Muhammad.
|
|
1386:
|
In Amir Temur's empire, Annexation of Azarbaijan,
Georgea overrun. Subjugation of Gilan and Shirvan. Turkomans of the Black
Sheep defeated. In the Marinids empire, Death of Mustansir, succession of
Muhammad.
|
|
1387:
|
In the Marinids empire, Muhammad overthrown by Abul
Abbas who comes to power for the second time.
|
|
1388:
|
In Algeria, Death of Abu Hamuw II, succession of Abu
Tashfin. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Firuz Shah Tughluq, succeeded by
his grandson Ghiasuddin Tughluq II.
|
|
1389:
|
In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of the poet Hafiz
Shirazi. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Ghiasuddin Tughluq II,
accession: of Abu Bakr Tughluq Shah. Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire,
Death of Qara Muhammad. succession of Qara Yusuf.
|
|
1390:
|
In the Tughluqs empire, Abu Bakr overthrow by
Nasiruddin Tughluq. In Bengal, Death of Sikandar Shah, accession of his
son Ghiasud. In the Burji Mamluks empire, The rule of the Burji Mamluks
rounded by Saifuddin Barquq.
|
|
1391:
|
In Amir Temur's empire, Annexation of Fars. In the
Muzaffarids empire, Annexation of the Muzaffarids by Amir Temur. In
Granada, Death of Muhammad V, succession of his son Abu Hallaj Yusuf II.
|
|
1392:
|
In the Jalayar empire, Death of Hussain, succession
of his son Ahmad. In Granada, Death of Abu Hallaj ; succession of Muhammad
VI.
|
|
1393:
|
Amir Temur defeats Tiktomish, the ruler of the Golden
Horde. Capture of the Jalayar dominions by Amir Temur. In the Marinids
empire, Death of Abul Abbas; succession of Abu Faris II.
|
|
1394:
|
Amir Temur defeats the Duke of Moscow. In the
Tughluqs empire, Death of Nasiruddin Tugluq, accession of Alauddin
Sikandar Shah. In Kashmir, Death of Qutbuddin. Turkomans of the White
Sheep empire, Qara Othman established the rule of the White Sheep
Turkomans in Diyarbekr.
|
|
1395:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Amir Temur defeated
Toktamish and razes Serai to the ground. End of the rule of the Golden
Horde. Annexation of Iraq by Amir Temur. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of
Sikandar Shah. Accession of Muhammad Shah.
|
|
1396:
|
In the Amir Temur's empire, Destruction of Sarai, and
of the rule of the Golden Horde. In the Sarbadaran empire, Principality
annexed by Amir Temur.
|
|
1397:
|
In the Bahmanids empire, Death of Muhammad Khan.
|
|
1398:
|
In the Amir Temur's empire, Campaign in India. In the
Marinids empire, Death of Abu Faris II. In the Tughluqs empire, Invasion
of Amir Timur, Mahmud Shah escapes from the capital. In Morocco, Death of
the Marinid Sultan Abu Faris II; succession of his son Abu Said Othman.
|
|
1399:
|
In the Amir Temur's empire, Campaign in Iraq and
Syria. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Saifuddin Barquq, succession
of his son Nasiruddin in Faraj.
|
|
1400:
|
In the Burji Mamluks empire, The Mamluks lost Syria
which was occupied by Amir Timur.
|
|
1401:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Timur Qutluq,
the ruler, installed by Amir Timur. accession of Shadi Beg.
|
|
1402:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Defeat of Bayazid at the
battle of Ankara, taken captive Amir Timur.
|
|
1403:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Muhammad I, the son of
Bayazid ascended the throne.
|
|
1405:
|
In the Timurids empire, Death of Amir Timur,
succession of his son Shah Rukh.
|
|
1407:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Shadi Beg,
installation of Faulad Khan by the king maker Edigu.
|
|
1410:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Faulad
Khan, installation of Timur.
|
|
1412:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Timur,
installation of Jalaluddin. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of
Nasiruddin Faraj, succession of Al Muayyad.
|
|
1413:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Jalaluddin,
installation of Karim Bardo.
|
|
1414:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Karim Bardo,
installation of Kubak Khan.
|
|
1416:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Kubak Khan,
installation of Jahar Balrawi. Deposition of Jahar Balrawi, installation
of Chaighray.
|
|
1419:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Edigu, overthrow
of Chaighray, power captured by Ulugh Muhammad.
|
|
1420:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Ulugh Muhammad overthrown
by Daulat Bairawi. Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death of Qara
Yusuf; succession of his son Qara Iskandar. In Morocco, Assassination of
Abu Said Othman; succession of his infant son Abdul Haq.
|
|
1421:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Muhammad I;
accession of his son Murad II. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Al
Muayyad, succession of Muzaffar Ahmad. Muzaffar Ahmad overthrown by Amir
Saifuddin Tata, Death of Saifuddin Tata, succession of his son Muhammad.
Muhammad overthrown by Amir Barsbay.
|
|
1424:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Daulat Bairawi,
succession of Berk. In Algeria, The Halsida of Tunisia occupy Algeria.
This state of affairs continued throughout the fifteenth century.
|
|
1425:
|
In the Uzbegs empire, Abul Khayr, a prince of the
house of Uzbeg declare his independence in the western part of Siberia.
|
|
1427:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Berk overthrown by Ulugh
Muhammad who captured power for the second time.
|
|
1430:
|
In the Uzbegs empire, Abul Khayr occupies Khawarazm.
|
|
1434:
|
Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Deposition of
Qara Iskandar; installation of his brother Jahan Shah. Turkomans of the
White Sheep empire, Death of Qara Othman, succession of his son Ali Beg.
In Tunisia, Death of Abul Faris after a rule of forty years, succession of
his son Abu Abdullah Muhammad.
|
|
1435:
|
In Tunisia, Deposition of Abu Abdullah Muhammad,
power captured by Abu Umar Othman.
|
|
1438:
|
In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Barsbay,
accession of his minor son Jamaluddin Yusuf; Yusuf overthrown and power
captured by the Chief Minister Saifuddin Gakmuk. Turkomans of the White
Sheep empire, Ali Beg overthrown by his brother Hamza.
|
|
1439:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Ulugh Muhammad withdrew
from Sarai and found the principality of Qazan. Said Ahmad came to power
in Sarai.
|
|
1440:
|
Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Hamza overthrown
by Jahangir a son of Ali Beg.
|
|
1441:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Crimea seceded from Sarai.
|
|
1446:
|
In the Timurids empire, Death of Shah Rukh,
succession of Ulugh Beg. In the Ottoman Turks empire, Second battle of
Kossova resulting in the victory of the Turks. Serbia annexed to Turkey
and Bosnia became its vassal.
|
|
1447:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Astra Khan seceded from
Sarai.
|
|
1449:
|
In the Uzbegs empire, Abul Khayr captures Farghana.
In the Timurids empire, Death of Ulugh Beg, succession of Abdul Latif.
|
|
1450:
|
In the Timurids empire, Assassination of Abdul Latif,
accession of Abu Said.
|
|
1451:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Murad II;
accession of his son Muhammad II.
|
|
1453:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Capture of
Constantinople by the Turks. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of
Jahangir; accession of his son Uzun Hasan. In the Burji Mamluks empire,
Death of Gakmuk. succession of his son Fakhruddin Othman. Othman
overthrown by the Mamluk General Saifuddin Inal.
|
|
1454:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Attack against Wallachia,
Wallachia became a vassal state of Turkey.
|
|
1456:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Serbia.
|
|
1461:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Bosnia and
Herzogovina. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Saifuddin Inal,
succession of his son Shahabuddin Ahmad. Shahabuddin Ahmad overthrown by
the Mamluk General Saifuddin Khushqadam.
|
|
1462:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Albania.
|
|
1465:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Said Ahmad,
succession of his son Khan Ahmad. In Morocco, Assassination of Abdul Haq.
End of the Marinid rule. Power snatched by Sharif Muhammad al Jati.
|
|
1467:
|
Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death of Jahan
Shah, end of the rule of the Black Sheep Turkoman rule. Turkomans of the
White Sheep empire, Jahan Shah of the Black Sheep attacked the White
Sheep. Jahan Shah was defeated and the Black Sheep territories annexed by
the White Sheep. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Khushqadam,
accession of his son Saifuddin Yel Bey. Deposition of Yel Bey, power
captured by the Mamluk General Temur Bugha.
|
|
1468:
|
In the Uzbegs empire, Death of Abul Khayr, succession
of his son Haidar Sultan. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Uzun Hasan
defeated the Timurids at the battle of Qarabagh whereby the White Sheep
became the masters of Persia and Khurasan. In the Burji Mamluks empire,
Deposition of Femur Bugha, power captured by the Mamluk General Qait Bay.
|
|
1469:
|
In the Timurids empire, Death of Abu Said,
disintegration of the Timurid state. In Khurasan Hussain Baygara came to
power and he ruled during the remaining years of the fifteenth century.
|
|
1472:
|
In Morocco, Sharif Muhammad al Jati overthrown by the
Wattisid chief Muhammad al Shaikh who establishes the rule of the Wattisid
dynasty.
|
|
1473:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, War against Persia;
Persians defeated.
|
|
1475:
|
In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Crimea.
War against Venice. Tukey became the master of the Aegean Sea.
|
|
1478:
|
Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of Uzun
Hasan, succession of his son Khalil.
|
|
1479:
|
Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Khalil
overthrown by his uncle Yaqub.
|
|
1480:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Assassination of Khan
Ahmad, succession of his son Said Ahmad II.
|
|
1481:
|
In the Golden Horde empire, Said Ahmad I1 overthrown
by his brother Murtada. In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Muhammad II,
accession of Bayazid II.
|
|
1488:
|
In the Uzbegs empire, Death of Haider Sultan,
succession of his nephew Shaybani Khan. In Tunisia, Death of Abu Umar
Othman after a rule of 52 years, succession of Abu Zikriya Yahya.
|
|
1489:
|
In Tunisia, Abu Zikriya Yahya overthrown by Abul
Mumin.
|
|
1490:
|
In Tunisia, Abul Mumin overthrown, power recaptured
by Abu Yahya.
|
|
1493:
|
Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of Yaqub.
accession of his son Bayangir.
|
|
1495:
|
Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Bayangir
overthown by his cousin Rustam.
|
|
1496:
|
In the Burji Mamluks empire, Abdication of Qait Bay,
succession of his son Nasir Muhammad.
|
|
1497:
|
Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Rustam
overthrown by Ahmad. Anarchy and fragmentation.
|
|
1498:
|
In the Burji Mamluks empire, Deposition of Nasir
Muhammad, power captured by Zahir Kanauh.
|
|
1499:
|
In the Uzbegs empire, Shayhani Khan conquered
Transoxiana. In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Murtada, succession of
Said Ahmad III." In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks defeated the
Venetian fleet in the battle of Lepanto.
|
|
1600:
|
Sind annexed by the Mughals. End of the Arghun rule
in Sind.
|
|
1601:
|
Khandesh annexed by the Mughals.
|
|
1603:
|
Battle of Urmiyah. Turks suffer defeat. Persia
occupies Tabriz, Mesopotamia. Mosul and Diyarbekr. Death of Muhammad III,
Sultan of Turkey, accession of Ahmad I. In Morocco al Shaikh died.
|
|
1604:
|
In Indonesia death of Alauddin Rayat Shah, Sultan of
Acheh, accession of Ali Rayat Shah III.
|
|
1605:
|
Death of the Mughal emperor Akbar; accession of
Jahangir.
|
|
1607:
|
Annexation of Ahmadnagar by the Mughals.
|
|
1609:
|
Annexation of Bidar by the Mughals
|
|
1611:
|
Kuch Behar subjugated by the Mughals.
|
|
1612:
|
Kamrup annexed by the Mughals.
|
|
1617:
|
Death of Ahmad I, Sultan of Turkey, accession of
Mustafa; Deposition of Mustafa: accession of Othman II.
|
|
1618:
|
Tipperah annexed by the Mughals.: '
|
|
1620:
|
In Turkey deposition of Mustafa, accession of Othman
II.
|
|
1623:
|
In Turkey Mustafa recaptured power.
|
|
1625:
|
In Turkey deposition of Mustafa, accession of Murad
IV.
|
|
1627:
|
Death of the Mughal emperor Jahangir, accession of
Shah Jahan.
|
|
1628:
|
Reign of Safavid Sultan Shah Abbas I comes to an end.
|
|
1629:
|
In Persia death of Shah Abbas; accession of grandson
Safi.
|
|
1631:
|
Death of Mumtaz Mahal, wife of Mughal Emperor Shah
Jahan and the lady of Taj Mahal, Agra.
|
|
1637:
|
Death of Iskandar Muda in Indonesia; accession of
Iskandar II.
|
|
1640:
|
Death of Otthman Sultan Murad IV. accession of his
brother Ibrahim.
|
|
1641:
|
Turks capture Azov. In Indonesia death of Iskandar
II; accession of the Queen Tajul Alam.
|
|
1642:
|
In Persia death of Shah Safi, accession of Shah Abbas
II.
|
|
1648:
|
In Turkey Ibrahim deposed; accession of Muhammad IV.
|
|
1656:
|
Muhammad Kuiprilli becomes the Grand Minister in
Turkey.
|
|
1658:
|
Deposition of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan,
accession of Aurangzeb.
|
|
1661:
|
Death of Muhammad Kuiprilli, accession of his son
Ahmad Kuiprilli.
|
|
1667:
|
Death of Shah Abbas II; accession of Shah Sulaiman.
|
|
1675:
|
Execution of the Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur. In Indonesia
death of the queen Tajul Alam, accession of the queen Nur ul Alam.
|
|
1676:
|
Death of the Grand Wazir of Turkey Ahmad Kuiprilli,
succession by Kara Mustafa.
|
|
1678:
|
In Indonesia death of the queen Nur ul Alam,
accession of the queen Inayat Zakia.
|
|
1680:
|
Death of Marhatta chieftain Shivaji.
|
|
1682:
|
Assam annexed by the Mughals. Aurangzeb shifts the
capital to Aurangabad in the Deccan.
|
|
1683:
|
The Turks lift the siege of Vienna and retreat. Kara
Mustafa the Grand Wazir executed for the failure of the expedition.
|
|
1686:
|
Annexation of Bijapur by the Mughals.
|
|
1687:
|
Golkunda annexed by the Mughals. Second battle of
Mohads. Defeat of the Turks by Austria. Deposition of Muhammad IV.
Accession of Sulaiman II.
|
|
1688:
|
In Indonesia death of queen Inayat Zakia, accession
of the queen Kamalah.
|
|
1690:
|
Death of the Ottoman Sultan Sulaiman II, accession of
Ahmad II.
|
|
1692:
|
Death of the Turk Sultan Ahmad II, accession of
Mustafa II.
|
|
1694:
|
In Persia death of Shah Safi, accession of Shah
Hussain.
|
|
1699:
|
In Indonesia death of Queen Kamalah.
|
|
1803:
|
Shah Abdul Aziz ibn Saud assassinated by a Shia
fanatic. Shah Shuja proclaimed as King of Afghanistan.
|
|
1805:
|
Ibn Saud captured Madinah defeating the Turk
garrison.
|
|
1804:
|
Othman Dan Fodio established Islamic State of Sokoto
in Central Sudan.
|
|
1805:
|
Faraizi movement launched in Bengal. Muhammad Ali
appointed Pasha of Egypt by the Turks.
|
|
1806:
|
Khanate of Khiva came into limelight under the rule
of Muhammad Rahim Khan.
|
|
1807:
|
Darqawi sect revolted against Turkish domination.
Tunisia repudiated suzerainty of Algeria.
|
|
1811:
|
Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement.
|
|
1811:
|
British occupied Indonesia.
|
|
1812:
|
Madina fell to Egyptians.
|
|
1813:
|
Makkah and Taif captured by Egyptian forces and
Saudis expelled from Hijaz.
|
|
1814:
|
Iran executed treaty of alliance with the British
known as Definitive Treaty.
|
|
1814:
|
Death of Ibn Saud II.
|
|
1814:
|
King Othman of Tunisia assassinated by his cousin
Mahmud.
|
|
1816:
|
British withdrew from Indonesia restoring it to the
Dutch.
|
|
1822:
|
Death of Maulay Ismail in Morocco.
|
|
1827:
|
Malaya became a preserve of the British according to
Anglo- Netherland treaty in 1824.
|
|
1828:
|
Russia declared war against Turkey.
|
|
1829:
|
Treaty of Adrianople.
|
|
1830:
|
French forces landed near Algiers and occupied
Algeria ending 313 years rule of Turks.
|
|
1831:
|
Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad
movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot.
|
|
1832:
|
Turks defeated in the battle of Konia by Egyptian
forces.
|
|
1832:
|
Sayyid Said, King of Oman, shifted his capital to
Zanzibar.
|
|
1834:
|
Abdul Qadir recognised as ruler of the area under his
control by the French.
|
|
1839:
|
Defeat of Turkey by the Egyptians in the battle of
Nisibin.
|
|
1840:
|
Quadruple Alliance by the European powers to force
Egypt to relinquish Syria.
|
|
1840:
|
British frees occupied Aden.
|
|
1841:
|
State of Adamawa established by Adams adjacent to
Nigeria.
|
|
1842:
|
Amir Abdul Qadir, ousted from Algeria by the French.
crossed over to Morocco.
|
|
1842:
|
Shah Shuja assassinated ending the Durrani rule in
Afghanistan.
|
|
1847:
|
Amir Abdul Qadir surrendred to France under the
condition of safe conduct to a Muslim country of his choice but France
violated its pledge and sent him as a captive to France.
|
|
1849:
|
Death of Muhammad Ali pasha.
|
|
1850:
|
Ali Muhammad Bab arrested and executed by Iranian
government. Qurratul Ain Tabira, a renowned poetess and staunch advocate
of Babism also shot dead.
|
|
1852:
|
Release of Amir Abdul Qadir by Napolean III. He
settled in Turkey.
|
|
1855:
|
Khiva annexed by Russia.
|
|
1857:
|
British captured Delhi and eliminated Mughal rule in
India after 332 years. Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled
to Rangoon in Burma. This was also the end of 1000 years of Muslim rule
over India.
|
|
1859:
|
Imam Shamil laid down arms before Russian forces and
the Islamic State of Daghestan became a Russian province.
|
|
1860:
|
Maulay Muhammad defeated by Spain.
|
|
1861:
|
Death of Sultan Abdul-Majid of Turkey.
|
|
1862:
|
Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu
Miyan..
|
|
1865:
|
Khoqand State liquidated by Russia.
|
|
1869:
|
Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Afghanistan. He
proceeded to Egypt.
|
|
1871:
|
Tunisia recognised suzerainty of Turkey through a
Firman.
|
|
1876:
|
Britain purchased shares of Khediv Ismail in the Suez
canal and got involved in Egyptian affairs.
|
|
1878:
|
Turkey handed over Cyprus to Britain.
|
|
1878:
|
Adrianople fell to Russia.
|
|
1879:
|
Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Egypt.
|
|
1879:
|
Treaty of Berlin. Turkey lost 4/5 th of its territory
in Europe.
|
|
1881:
|
France invaded Tunisia and the Bey acknowledged
supremacy of France as a result of the treaty of Bardo.
|
|
1881:
|
Muhammad Ahmad declared himself Mahdi in northern
Sudan.
|
|
1882:
|
Egypt came under British military occupation.
|
|
1883:
|
Death of Amir Abdul Qadir in Damascus.
|
|
1885:
|
Muhammad Ahmad declared free Government of Sudan
under his rule.
|
|
1885:
|
Death of Mahdi Sudani five months after the
occupation of Khartum.
|
|
1890:
|
End of Banbara State.
|
|
1895:
|
Afghanistan got Wakhan corridor by an understanding
with Russia and British India making Afghan border touch China.
|
|
1895:
|
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed prophethood.
|
|
1897:
|
State of Bagirimi occupied by the French.
|
|
1899:
|
Fall of Mahdi State occupied by the British and the
Egyptians jointly.
|
|
1901:
|
Ibn Saud (Abd al-Aziz) captures Riyad.
|
|
1901:
|
French forces occupy Morocco.
|
|
1904:
|
Morocco becomes a French protectorate under the
Conference of Algeciras.
|
|
1904:
|
The Presian constitution is promoted.
|
|
1905:
|
The beginning of the Salafiyyah movement in Paris
with it's main sphere of influence in Egypt.
|
|
1907:
|
The beginning of the Young Turks movement in Turkey.
|
|
1912:
|
The beginning of the Muhammadiyyah reform movement in
Indonesia.
|
|
1914:
|
Under Ottoman rule, secret Arab nationalist societies
are formed.
|
|
1914:
|
World War I.
|
|
1916:
|
Arab revolt against Ottoman (Turkish) rule. Lawrence
of Arabia leads attacks on the Hijaz Railway.
|
|
1918:
|
Armistice signed with Ottomans on October 30.
|
|
1918:
|
World War I ends on November 11.
|
|
1918:
|
Syria and Damascus become a French protectorate.
|
|
1921:
|
Abd Allah bin Husayn in made King of Transjordan. His
father was the Sharif of Mecca.
|
|
1921:
|
Faysal bin Husayn is made King of Iraq. His father
was the Sharif of Mecca.
|
|
1921:
|
Abd al-Karim leads a revolt against colonial rule in
Moroccan Rif, and declares the "Republic of the Rif".
|
|
1922:
|
Mustafa Kemal abolishes the Turkish Sultanate.
|
|
1924:
|
The Turkish Caliphate is abolished.
|
|
1924:
|
King Abd al-Aziz conquers Mecca and Medina, which
leads to the unification of the Kingdoms of Najd and Hijaz.
|
|
1925:
|
Reza Khan seizes the government in Persia and
establishes the Pahlavi dynasty.
|
|
1926:
|
Abd al-Aziz (Ibn Saud) assumes title of King of Najd
and Hijaz.
|
|
1927:
|
Death of Zaghlul, an Egyptian nationalist leader.
|
|
1928:
|
Turkey is declared a secular state.
|
|
1928:
|
Hasan al-Banna founds the Muslim Brotherhood.
|
|
1932:
|
Iraq granted independence by League of Nations.
|
|
1934:
|
War between King Abd al-Aziz and Imam Yahya of the
Yemen.
|
|
1934:
|
Peace treaty of Ta'if.
|
|
1934:
|
Asir becomes part of Saudi Arabia.
|
|
1935:
|
Iran becomes the official name of Persia.
|
|
1936:
|
Increased Jewish immigration provokes widespread
Arab-Jewish fighting in Palestine.
|
|
1939:
|
World War II.
|
|
1941:
|
British and Russian forces invade Iran and Reza Shah
is forced to abdicate in favor of his son Mohammad Reza Shah in Iran.
|
|
1943:
|
Beginning of Zionist terrorist campaign in Palestine.
|
|
1945:
|
End of World War II.
|
|
1946:
|
Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria are granted independence
from Britain and France.
|
|
1947:
|
Creation of Pakistan from Muslim Majority area in
India.
|
|
1948:
|
Creation of state of Israel. Arab armies suffer
defeat in war with Israel.
|
|
1949:
|
Hasan al-Banna, leader of the Muslim Brotherhood, is
assassinated.
|
|
1951:
|
Libya becomes independent.
|
|
1952:
|
King Faruq of Egypt forced to abdicate.
|
|
1953:
|
General Zahedi leads coup against Musaddeq, Shah
returns to power.
|
|
1953:
|
Death of King Abd al-Aziz (Ibn Saud) of Saudi Arabia.
|
|
1953:
|
The foundation stone is laid to enlarge the Prophet's
mosque in Medina.
|
|
1956:
|
Morocco becomes independent.
|
|
1956:
|
Tunisia becomes independent.
|
|
1957:
|
The Bey of Tunisia is deposed, and Bourguiba becomes
becomes president.
|
|
1957:
|
Enlargement of the Haram in Mecca begins.
|
|
1962:
|
Algeria becomes independent.
|
|
1962:
|
Death of Zaydi Imam of Yemen (Ahmad). Crown Prince
Bahr succeds him and takes the title Imam Mansur Bi-Llah Muhammad.
|
|
1965:
|
Malcom X is assassinated.
|
|
1968:
|
The enlargement of the Haram in Mecca is completed.
|
|
1969:
|
King Idris of Libya is ousted by a coup led by
Colonel Qadhdhafi.
|
|
1973:
|
King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan is overthrown.
|
|
1975:
|
Death of Elijah Mohammad, leader of Nation of Islam
among African Americans in North America.
|
|
1975:
|
Wallace Warith Deen Mohammad assumes leadership of
Nation of Islam and shifts movement toward Islamic Orthodoxy renaming it
American Muslim Mission.
|
|
1978:
|
Imam Musa Sadr is apparently assassinated after he
disappears on a trip to Libya. He was the religious leader of the Lebanese
Twelve-Imam Shi'ites. He promoted the resurgence of Shi'ites in Lebanon
and set the foundation of Amal.
|
|
1979:
|
The Shah leaves Iran on January 15, thus bringing the
Pahlavi dynasty to an end.
|
|
1979:
|
On 1 Muharram AH 1400/21 November, the first day of
the 15th Islamic century, fanatics led by students of the Theological
University of Medina attempt to promote one of their group as Mahdi and
thus fulfill a certain prophetic Hadith: "A man of the people of
Medina will go forth, fleeing to Mecca, and certain of the people of Mecca
will come to him and will lead him forth against his will and swear fealty
to him between the rukn (Black Stone corner of the Kabah) and the Maqam
Ibrahim." They hold the Haram of Mecca against the army for two
weeks. Sixty-three of the 300 fanatics are captured alive, the mosque is
recovered, and the conspirators are all put to death.
|
|
1980:
|
Beginning of the Iran-Iraq war.
|
|
1989:
|
Iran-Iraq comes to an end with much loss of life.
|
|
1990:
|
Military annexation of Kuwait by Iraq, under
Ba'athist leader Saddam Hussain, is reversed in 1991 by a coalition of
United States-led forces.
|